Surgical Sperm Retrieval (TESA / PESA)
Advanced minimally invasive techniques to retrieve sperm in cases of azoospermia for successful assisted reproduction.
Overview & Clinical Approach
Effective sperm retrieval solutions for men with obstructive or non-obstructive azoospermia.
Some men have very low sperm count or no sperm in their ejaculate (azoospermia). In such cases, sperm can still be retrieved surgically using PESA or TESA.
PESA retrieves sperm from the epididymis, while TESA retrieves sperm directly from the testicular tubules. These retrieved sperms are then used for ICSI to achieve pregnancy.
Both procedures are done under local anaesthesia, are minimally invasive and are day-care procedures.
Common Symptoms
- Azoospermia (zero sperm in ejaculated semen)
- Severe male subfertility or ejaculatory obstruction
- History of vasectomy, undescended testes, or testicular trauma
Primary Causes & Risk Factors
- Obstructive Azoospermia: Blockage in vas deferens or epididymis (post-infection, post-surgery, or congenital absence)
- Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: Impaired sperm production due to genetic, hormonal, or testicular causes
Diagnostic Procedures
- Hormone blood assays (FSH, LH, Testosterone) and testicular ultrasound
- Sperm retrieval trial and lab dissection under high-magnification microscope
Treatment Steps
PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)
Fine needle inserted into the epididymis to retrieve sperm in obstructive azoospermia under local anesthesia.
TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)
Fine needle inserted directly into the testes to extract testicular tissue for micro-dissection.
ICSI Fertilization & Cryopreservation
Retrieved sperm injected into retrieved eggs via ICSI; extra sperm frozen for future cycles.
Key Treatment Benefits
- Enables biological fatherhood even with zero sperm in ejaculated semen
- Minimally invasive, day-care procedure under local anesthesia with rapid recovery
- High success rates when combined with ICSI fertilization
Consultation for Surgical Sperm Retrieval (TESA / PESA)
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